carbon-lang/toolchain/sem_ir/expr_info.cpp

// Part of the Carbon Language project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM
// Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception

#include "toolchain/sem_ir/expr_info.h"

#include <concepts>

#include "common/check.h"
#include "toolchain/base/kind_switch.h"
#include "toolchain/sem_ir/ids.h"
#include "toolchain/sem_ir/inst_kind.h"
#include "toolchain/sem_ir/typed_insts.h"

namespace Carbon::SemIR {

// Returns the InstId represented by an instruction operand.
static auto AsAnyInstId(Inst::ArgAndKind arg) -> InstId {
  if (auto inst_id = arg.TryAs<SemIR::InstId>()) {
    return *inst_id;
  }
  return arg.As<SemIR::AbsoluteInstId>();
}

static auto GetExprCategoryImpl(const File* ir, InstId inst_id)
    -> ExprCategory {
  // The overall expression category if the current instruction is a value
  // expression.
  ExprCategory value_category = ExprCategory::Value;

  while (true) {
    auto untyped_inst = ir->insts().Get(inst_id);
    auto category_from_kind = untyped_inst.kind().expr_category();

    // If this instruction kind has a fixed category, return it.
    if (auto fixed_category = category_from_kind.TryAsFixedCategory()) {
      return *fixed_category == ExprCategory::Value ? value_category
                                                    : *fixed_category;
    }

    // Handle any special cases that use
    // ComputedExprCategory::DependsOnOperands.
    auto handle_special_case =
        [&]<typename TypedInstT>(
            TypedInstT inst) -> std::optional<ExprCategory> {
      if constexpr (std::same_as<TypedInstT, ClassElementAccess>) {
        inst_id = inst.base_id;
        // A value of class type is a pointer to an object representation.
        // Therefore, if the base is a value, the result is an ephemeral
        // reference.
        value_category = ExprCategory::EphemeralRef;
        return std::nullopt;
      } else if constexpr (std::same_as<TypedInstT, ImportRefLoaded> ||
                           std::same_as<TypedInstT, ImportRefUnloaded>) {
        auto import_ir_inst = ir->import_ir_insts().Get(inst.import_ir_inst_id);
        ir = ir->import_irs().Get(import_ir_inst.ir_id()).sem_ir;
        inst_id = import_ir_inst.inst_id();
        return std::nullopt;
      } else if constexpr (std::same_as<TypedInstT, Call>) {
        auto callee = GetCallee(*ir, inst.callee_id);
        CARBON_KIND_SWITCH(callee) {
          case CARBON_KIND(SemIR::CalleeError _): {
            return ExprCategory::Error;
          }
          case CARBON_KIND(SemIR::CalleeFunction callee_function): {
            const auto& function =
                ir->functions().Get(callee_function.function_id);
            auto return_form_id = function.GetDeclaredReturnForm(
                *ir, callee_function.resolved_specific_id);
            if (!return_form_id.has_value()) {
              // Treat as equivalent to `-> ()`.
              return ExprCategory::ReprInitializing;
            }
            auto return_form = ir->insts().Get(return_form_id);
            CARBON_KIND_SWITCH(return_form) {
              case CARBON_KIND(InitForm _):
                return ExprCategory::ReprInitializing;
              case CARBON_KIND(RefForm _):
                return ExprCategory::DurableRef;
              case CARBON_KIND(ValueForm _):
                return ExprCategory::Value;
              case CARBON_KIND(ErrorInst _):
                return ExprCategory::Error;
              default:
                CARBON_FATAL("Unexpected inst kind: {0}", return_form);
            }
          }
          case CARBON_KIND(SemIR::CalleeNonFunction _): {
            return ExprCategory::NotExpr;
          }
          case CARBON_KIND(SemIR::CalleeCppOverloadSet _): {
            // TODO: support `ref` returns from C++.
            return ExprCategory::ReprInitializing;
          }
        }
      } else if constexpr (std::same_as<TypedInstT, FormBinding>) {
        auto form_id = ir->entity_names().Get(inst.entity_name_id).form_id;
        auto form_inst = ir->insts().Get(form_id);
        CARBON_KIND_SWITCH(form_inst) {
          case InitForm::Kind:
            // A `var` binding pattern produces a `ref` binding.
          case RefForm::Kind:
            return ExprCategory::DurableRef;
          case ValueForm::Kind:
            return ExprCategory::Value;
          case ErrorInst::Kind:
            return ExprCategory::Error;
          default:
            CARBON_FATAL("Unexpected kind for form inst {0}", form_inst);
        }
      } else {
        static_assert(
            TypedInstT::Kind.expr_category().TryAsComputedCategory() !=
                ComputedExprCategory::DependsOnOperands,
            "Missing expression category computation for type");
      }
      CARBON_FATAL("Unreachable");
    };

    // If the category depends on the operands of the instruction, determine it.
    // Usually this means the category is the same as the category of an
    // operand.
    switch (*category_from_kind.TryAsComputedCategory()) {
      case ComputedExprCategory::ValueIfHasType: {
        return untyped_inst.kind().has_type() ? value_category
                                              : ExprCategory::NotExpr;
      }

      case ComputedExprCategory::SameAsFirstOperand: {
        inst_id = AsAnyInstId(untyped_inst.arg0_and_kind());
        break;
      }

      case ComputedExprCategory::SameAsSecondOperand: {
        inst_id = AsAnyInstId(untyped_inst.arg1_and_kind());
        break;
      }

      case ComputedExprCategory::DependsOnOperands: {
        switch (untyped_inst.kind()) {
#define CARBON_SEM_IR_INST_KIND(TypedInstT)                             \
  case TypedInstT::Kind: {                                              \
    auto category = handle_special_case(untyped_inst.As<TypedInstT>()); \
    if (category.has_value()) {                                         \
      return *category;                                                 \
    }                                                                   \
    break;                                                              \
  }
#include "toolchain/sem_ir/inst_kind.def"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

auto GetExprCategory(const File& file, InstId inst_id) -> ExprCategory {
  return GetExprCategoryImpl(&file, inst_id);
}

auto FindStorageArgForInitializer(const File& sem_ir, InstId init_id,
                                  bool allow_transitive) -> InstId {
  while (true) {
    Inst init_untyped = sem_ir.insts().Get(init_id);
    CARBON_KIND_SWITCH(init_untyped) {
      case CARBON_KIND(AsCompatible init): {
        if (!allow_transitive) {
          return InstId::None;
        }
        init_id = init.source_id;
        continue;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(Converted init): {
        if (!allow_transitive) {
          return InstId::None;
        }
        init_id = init.result_id;
        continue;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(UpdateInit init): {
        if (!allow_transitive) {
          return InstId::None;
        }
        init_id = init.base_init_id;
        continue;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(ArrayInit init): {
        return init.dest_id;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(ClassInit init): {
        return init.dest_id;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(StructInit init): {
        return init.dest_id;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(TupleInit init): {
        return init.dest_id;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(InPlaceInit init): {
        return init.dest_id;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(MarkInPlaceInit init): {
        return init.dest_id;
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(Call call): {
        auto callee_function = GetCalleeAsFunction(sem_ir, call.callee_id);
        const auto& function =
            sem_ir.functions().Get(callee_function.function_id);
        if (!function.return_form_inst_id.has_value()) {
          return InstId::None;
        }
        auto return_form_constant_id = GetConstantValueInSpecific(
            sem_ir, callee_function.resolved_specific_id,
            function.return_form_inst_id);
        auto return_form = sem_ir.insts().Get(
            sem_ir.constant_values().GetInstId(return_form_constant_id));
        CARBON_KIND_SWITCH(return_form) {
          case CARBON_KIND(InitForm init_form): {
            auto type_id = sem_ir.types().GetTypeIdForTypeInstId(
                init_form.type_component_inst_id);
            if (!InitRepr::ForType(sem_ir, type_id).MightBeInPlace()) {
              return InstId::None;
            }

            if (!call.args_id.has_value()) {
              // Argument initialization failed, so we have no return slot.
              return InstId::None;
            }

            CARBON_CHECK(function.call_param_ranges.return_size() == 1,
                         "Unexpected number of output parameters on function");
            return sem_ir.inst_blocks().Get(
                call.args_id)[function.call_param_ranges.return_begin().index];
          }
          case CARBON_KIND(RefForm _): {
            return InstId::None;
          }
          default:
            CARBON_FATAL("Unexpected inst kind: {0}", return_form);
        }
      }
      case CARBON_KIND(ErrorInst _): {
        return InstId::None;
      }
      default:
        CARBON_FATAL("Initialization from unexpected inst {0}", init_untyped);
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace Carbon::SemIR